Film Industry Question: Exemplar

I have studied the film industry and this is dominated by the big six. The big six is made up of six film production companies, these are: 20th Century Fox, Universal, Walt Disney, Paramount, Warner Brothers and Sony.
Walt Disney (commonly known as Disney) is one of the main production companies in the world, it is an entertainment conglomerate and it is headquartered in California. It is the world's second largest media conglomerate. As it is part of the oligopoly of the big six, this allows it to have great power in the film industry.
One of  Disney's biggest movies was Frozen.

Secret diary of a cool girl: Disability

Camera:
Low angles on the woman and then high angles on the man, this shows the difference between the disabled person and the abled person. The camera pans around the whole flat, showing us what is in it.

Mise en Scene:
The dad's dungarees show that he is of working class. There is bright lighting all throughout the clip, it was clear that the disabled boy didn't really like this because he looked rather uncomfortable and maybe for that situation he may have preferred it to have been a bit darker. There is 2 abled people and only 1 disabled person throughout the clip, this shows the minority groups. The dad wasn't sure on what to do while he was waiting for his son and this shows to the audience that this is something very out of the blue for the son to be doing. There is natural makeup on both of the men in the clip, the lady seems to be wearing a lot of makeup. The wheelchair can be used as a prop as this shows the difference between the boy and the other two actors in the clip. The bedroom setting doesn't seem to be suitable for the boy which shows to the audience why the boy looks uncomfortable.

Editing:
The pace throughout the clip is quite slow and awkward, this could relate to the boys normal everyday life. The disabled boy gets a lot of the screen time, which subverts the stereotype that disabled people are forgotten about.

Sound:
The loud music doesn't match the slow and awkward scene. There is lots of dialogue: "Can you feel that?" this shows to the audience that the lady doesn't really understand what disabilities the boy actually has.

Task 10: Distribution

Distribution is the making and delivering of a film to an audience.
A film distributor is in charge of the marketing of the film, this means that they will for example make the trailer for the film, they will then decide what the trailer is released on e.g you tube. They will also decide when the trailer is released, this means how many days or weeks before the film is actually out in the cinema. The distributor may also have social media accounts where they will advertise the film on, this is an easy way to promote their film as it is free and also it is a big hit as many people in the world nowadays have a social media account themselves, or they have access to one.

Digital Technology Essay

Evaluate the role of digital technology in the production, marketing and consumption of products?

1.      Digital technology used in production, distribution, exchange and exhibition of a film.  

2.      I studied the film industry, I’m going to discuss production, distribution, exchange and exhibition within the production of a film. Within the production stage of a film there is here stages, pre-production which is before shooting begins, for example storyboards are made, the location is decided, the set is made, then you have production and this is the point of no return, at this stage they’re not financially stable to cancel the project. Then the third stage is post-production, this is when the footage is edited, the sound track is done and the sounds effects are added on. Within the distribution stage of a film, this is where the film producers take control. The first stage would be where the investor or a studio decides to purchase the rights to the film. There would be a licensing agreement with the distribution company. Examples of distribution are: trailers, free preview of the film and websites. In the exchange stage of a film this is how well the audience views the film so for example, o Netflix, in cinema, on DVD or on streaming. Within the exhibition stage it depends on the type of audience the film is wishing to achieve. For example: YouTube (trailer) would have a large audience, whereas vimeo would have a more specific audience.

3.      Digital technology plays a very important role in the production of films. Distribution is a key factor in the production of films as this is the stage where people are made aware of the film and get to know what the film is all about. The film producers take control of this stage in the production. Within this stage, a studio or an investor will decide to purchase the rights pf the film, they will then get licensing equipment from the distribution company. Then the marketing for the film will begin to be made, for example the main marketing of a film is a trailer, this gives the audience insights to small parts of the film and normally leaves the audience with questions about what is going to happen next, and this is what usually makes the audience want to go and see the film when it comes into the cinema. Another way that a film is advertised is through social media, this is a very big thing nowadays as so many people are on social media, and this way of marketing is also free and usually has a very big outcome. There’s also things such as websites and apps which advertise the film to audiences. Some marketing campaigns for films have gone viral in the past, one of these was for the film spider-man, this production company linked up with Evian (water) and created an advert to promote both companies, this is called synergy where two companies come together to promote them both and as a result of this they gain a bigger audience, this was a big success and made a lot of people of all ages want to go to see the film when it came out.

4.       The types of exhibition depend on the type of audience that the film is aiming to attract. For example, a you tube trailer would attract a large and maybe a younger audience because of the people that know and understand how to use you tube. Whereas, if the production company created a vimeo to promote their film then this is aimed at a much more specific audience as this may be used for a smaller film. 3D and 4D films cannot be pirated which allows the film to make more money as people will have to come and see the film in cinema rather than someone filming it and selling it so people can watch it at home. During the exchange stage of the production of the film, this is how the audience views the film, there are many ways that people view and watch films nowadays and this is mainly due to what devices and websites are available to them. For example people can now watch films on: Netflix, amazon prime, DVD, Blu-Ray, sky movies, cinema, streaming

5.     Digital technology plays a major role in the production of films and without it film wouldn’t get half the audience that they get. However, there is some positives and negatives of digital technologies uses. Positives are that it allows production companies to promote and advertise in many ways which then creates a wider and bigger audience to come and see the film when it comes out. However, a negative of digital technology is that it is now used to watch films illegally, for example people now put films that are currently in the cinema onto websites where people can then watch them for free and they then don’t have to go to the cinema and pay to watch them which is actually what the production companies of the films aim for their audience to be doing and not watching them at home. 

Task 9: Terminology Quiz

Film term	Definition	Example
Mainstream film	This is a well-known film with a high budget and a big audience.	Fast and furious 6
Mainstream cinema	This is a cinema which only shows blockbuster and well known films.	Odeon cinema.
Independent film	This is a film with a low budget and not a very big target audience as it isn’t very well known.	American honey
Independent cinema	This is a cinema which shows small films as well as big ones sometimes.	Everyman cinema.
Production	This is the company which makes the film.	BFI
Distribution	This is the company that releases and promotes the film (marketing).
Marketing	This is the advertisement of the film, this is how the film attracts its audience.	Trailer
Exchange	This is a platform that people can watch the film on.	Ipad
Multinational conglomerate	This is when a company owns many branches all around the world, such as television, theme parks, radio.	Walt Disney
Monolopy	This is when a single company owns all or nearly all of the market for a given type of product or service.	Disney
Oligopoly	This is a market structure in which a small number of firms has the large majority of market share.	Paramount pictures
Name the big six	20th Century Fox Paramount Pictures Universal Warner Bros Sony Disney
Horizontal Integration	This is the process of a company increasing production of goods or services at the same part of the supply chain.	Disney
Vertical Integration	This is the combination in one firm of two or more stages of production normally operated by separate firms.
Synergy	This is when two companies work together to create a bigger effect than they would have if they worked separately.	Apple - App (game)
Merchandising	This is when the film decides to create products to sell to promote their film.	Frozen teddy - Frozen film.
Ultra violet	A movie system that allows films to be downloaded onto various devices.
Above the line	All the stuff that is in the production budget – costs money.
Below the line	Marketing that doesn’t cost money.	Social media
Technological Convergence/Cross media convergence	This is when two technical items are turned into one.	Sam Smith and Adele - Skyfall
Consumption	This is a sum of information and entertainment media taken in by an individual or group.
Exhibition	This is selling the films onto cinemas either independent or mainstream.
Piracy	This is the unauthorised use of reproduction of another person’s work.

Task 8: Technology

Task 7: Audience and Cinema Going Statistics

What days do audiences go to the cinema?
In 2015 there was 171.9 million admissions to cinemas, the most popular month in this year was December as there was 18.5 cinema admissions in this month alone. In 2014 there was a total of 157.5 million admissions and the most popular months of this year were August and December which both had the same number of admissions (17.1 million).

What are the most popular genres and what was the top film in each of these genres?
The most popular genres are: action, animation, sci-fi, comedy and drama. The most popular film for action was 'Spectre', this genre was the highest earning genre of 2015 taking 30% of the box office. The top animation film was 'Minions'. The top sci-fi film was 'Star Wars: The Force Awakens'. The top comedy film was 'Pitch Perfect 2'. Finally, the top drama film was 'Fifty shades of Grey'.

How do audiences hear about films?
There are many ways that production and distribution companies promote their films to attract their target audiences. Some of the ways that audiences hear about films are: advertising campaigns (such as trailers), merchandise for the film, social media accounts and also interviews of the actors who are in the film. If one character in the film is very popular and has a lot of fans they may post on their social media account which has many followers about the film and this may then attract these people to go watch the film.

Do audiences prefer US, UK or other nationality films?
29% of the films released in 2015 were US films and these films had 51% of the box office earnings, UK films had 45% of the box office earnings.

Do audiences like 3D films?
There was 34 3D films released in 2015, these films received a total of £137 million, this was 11% of the box office takings. Many films that were released in 2015 were also available in 3D, this gives people the choice as to whether they want to see the film in 3D or in 2D, 3D is becoming a lot more popular than it used to be.

What other ways do audiences watch films other than the cinema?
Nowadays there is many ways available to people to watch films rather than going to the cinema, this is due to many new devices coming out. You can watch films on DVD, Amazon Prime, Netflix, TV Streaming, Catchup TV, many people enjoy watching films this way as they can do it from the comfort of their own homes and they also usually save a lot of money watching films this way rather than paying to watch them in cinema.

Who do audiences go to cinema with?
In 2015, the largest population of cinema audience in the UK was made up of 15-24 year olds. Also, in 2015 films were dominated by a male audience (51%). When people go to the cinema it depends on their age, for example young children tend to go with their parents or family member, teenagers tend to go with their friends or partner and then older audiences either go with their friends, family or partner.


When and where are most audiences most likely to go to the cinema?
In 2015, 97% of cinemas in the UK were located in town centres. The South East had the most amount of multiplex cinemas in 2015 (436) this was 4 more than London at the time. The most popular box office cinemas in 2015 were: Odeon, Cineworld and Vue.